GBC Binding - General Binding Corporation trade name for plastic comb binding.

Generation - A first generation image is the original; second generation is made from the original; third generation is made from the second generation. Print on this page is fourth generation: type (first), negative (second), plate (third), print (fourth).

Ghost Halftone - Halftone that has been screened to produce a very faint image.

Ghosting - (1) Phenomenon of a faint image on a printed sheet where it was not intended to appear. Chemical ghosting refers to the transfer of the faint image from the front of one sheet to the back of another sheet. Mechanical ghosting refers to the faint image appearing as a repeat of an image on the same side of the sheet. (2) Phenomenon of printed image appearing too light because of ink starvation.

Gilding - Gold leafing the edges of a book.

Gloss - Characteristic of paper, ink, or varnish that reflects relatively large amounts of light.

Gloss ink - For use in litho and letterpress printing on coated papers where the ink will dry without penetration.

Glossy - Photographic print made on glossy paper.

Golden Ratio - The rule devised to give proportions of height to width when laying out text and illustrations to produce the most optically pleasing result.

Goldenrod - Alternate term for Flat.

Gothic - Typefaces with no serifs and broad even strokes.

Grade - General term used to distinguish between or among printing papers. One of seven major categories of paper: bond, uncoated book, coated book, text, cover, board, and specialty.

Graduated Screen Tint - Screen tint that changes densities gradually and smoothly, not in distinct steps. Also called degrade, gradient, ramped screen and vignette.

Grain - Predominant direction of the fibers in a finished sheet of paper. Fibers flow parallel to the direction in which the paper travels on the paper machine during manufacture.

Grain Long Paper - Paper whose fibers run parallel to the long dimension of the sheet. Also called long grain paper and narrow web paper.

Grain Short Paper - Paper whose fibers run parallel to the short dimension of the sheet. Also called short grain paper and wide web paper.

Grammage - Basis metric weight of paper in grams per square meter (gsm).

Graphic Arts - The crafts, industries, and professions related to designing and printing on paper and other substrates.

Graphic Arts Film - Film whose emulsion yields high contrast images suitable for reproduction by a printing press, as compared to continuous-tone film. Also called litho film and repro film.

Graphic Design - Arrangement of type and visual elements along with specifications for paper, ink colors and printing processes that, when combined, convey a visual message.

Graphics - Art and other visual elements used to make messages more clear or interesting.

Gravure - Method of printing where the image is etched into the metal plate attached to a cylinder. The cylinder is then rotated through a trough of printing ink after which the etched surface is wiped clean by a blade leaving the non-image area clean. The paper is then passed between two rollers and pressed against the etched cylinder drawing the ink out by absorption.

Gray Balance - Printed cyan, magenta and yellow halftone dots that accurately, reproduce a neutral gray image.

Gray Component Replacement - Technique of replacing gray tones in the yellow, cyan and magenta films, made while color separating, with black ink. Abbreviated GCR. Also called achromatic color removal.

Gray Levels - Number of distinct gray tones that can be reproduced by a computer.

Gray Scale - Strip of swatches of gray tones ranging from white to black used by process camera operators to calibrate exposure times for film and plates. Also called step wedge.

Greeking - A software device where areas of grey are used to simulate lines of text. One of desktop publishing's less clever methods of getting round the slowness of high resolution displays on the PC.

Grid - A systematic division of a page into areas to enable designers to ensure consistency. The grid acts as a measuring guide and shows text, illustrations and trim sizes.

Grind Edge - Alternate term for binding edge when referring to perfect bound products.

Grindoff - Approximately 1/8 inch (3 mm) along the spine that is ground off gathered signatures before perfect binding.

Gripper Edge - Edge of a sheet held by the grippers on a sheetfed press, thus going first through a printing press.

Grippers - Metal fingers in a sheet-fed press that hold the paper in place as it travels through the press.

Groundwood Paper - A mechanically prepared coarse wood pulp used in newsprint and other low cost book grades where it contributes bulk, opacity, and compressibility. Groundwood pulp is economical since all the wood is used; however, it contains impurities that can cause discoloration and weakening of the paper.

GSM - The unit of measurement for paper weight ; grams per square meter.

Guard - A narrow strip of paper or linen pasted to a single leaf to allow sewing into a section for binding.

Guillotine - Device that is used to cut or trim stacks of paper to the desired size. Three types exist – manually operated, electrically powered cutters and automatic spacing cutters.

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